Mitigating Climate Change: A Review of Carbon Capture  and Separation Technologies

Haider Ali; Nomaan Akhtar; Saqib Shams; Ali Karim; Umair Naeem

doi:10.36561/ING.30.9

Autores/as

Haider Ali NED University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistán https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-3696
Nomaan Akhtar NED University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistán https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2969-675X
Saqib Shams NED University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistán https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3932-6095
Ali Karim NED University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistán https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0495-0237
Umair Naeem NED University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistán https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0763-4081

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36561/ING.30.9

Palabras clave:

Absorción, Adsorción, Captura y separación de carbono, Captura directa de aire, Postcombustión

Resumen

Las técnicas de captura y separación de carbono (CCST) desempeñan un papel fundamental para abordar el desafío urgente de reducir las emisiones de CO2 y mitigar los impactos del cambio climático. Este artículo de revisión ofrece un análisis detallado de diversas metodologías CCST, centrándose en sus mecanismos, aplicaciones e importancia en el contexto más amplio de la sostenibilidad ambiental. Se destaca la importancia de las estrategias de captura, utilización y almacenamiento de carbono (CCUS) como una vía esencial para reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Mediante un análisis exhaustivo, el artículo examina la diversa gama de tecnologías de captura de carbono, incluyendo la captura directa de aire, la postcombustión, la precombustión y el ciclo químico. Cada tecnología se analiza en función de su eficiencia, escalabilidad e idoneidad en diferentes sectores industriales. También profundiza en las tecnologías de separación de carbono, incluyendo la absorción, la adsorción, la separación criogénica y la separación por membranas, explicando sus mecanismos y aplicaciones en la captura de CO2. Además, la revisión aborda las implicaciones económicas, regulatorias y ambientales de la implementación de CCST, resaltando los desafíos y las oportunidades para la ampliación de estas tecnologías. Este artículo contribuye a una mejor comprensión de la captura y separación de carbono como herramienta fundamental para combatir el cambio climático y alcanzar los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible.

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