Caracterização Mecânica Comparativa de PVC Reciclado e Compósitos de Madeira-Plástico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36561/ING.30.2Palavras-chave:
Compósito madeira-plástico, PVC reciclado, Ensaios de tração, Ensaios de flexão, Dureza, Normas ASTM, Propriedades mecânicas, SustentabilidadeResumo
Polímeros reciclados oferecem oportunidades para o uso circular de materiais, porém seu desempenho mecânico é frequentemente limitado pela variabilidade da matéria-prima. Este estudo apresenta uma comparação controlada entre PVC reciclado puro e WPC (PVC + 20% em peso de farinha de madeira) processados sob condições idênticas de extrusão e moldagem por compressão. Ensaios de tração, flexão e dureza foram conduzidos de acordo com as normas ASTM, e os resultados são apresentados como média ± desvio padrão (n = 5). O WPC exibiu aumentos modestos, porém mensuráveis, na resistência à tração (~12%), resistência à flexão (~8%) e dureza Shore D (~8,5%), enquanto os módulos de tração e flexão permaneceram estatisticamente comparáveis entre os dois materiais. O módulo de flexão excedeu o módulo de tração para ambos os materiais, o que é consistente com a distribuição de tensões predominantemente superficiais na flexão. Os resultados demonstram que a incorporação de 20% em peso de farinha de madeira ao PVC reciclado pode aprimorar propriedades mecânicas selecionadas sem comprometer a rigidez, oferecendo um perfil de desempenho consistente com as vias de substituição de materiais em estratégias de economia circular. O estudo também destaca a influência da variabilidade da matéria-prima reciclada e identifica a necessidade de caracterização microestrutural futura para confirmar os mecanismos de deformação e falha hipotetizados.
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