Korean War Widows Through the Works of Pak Kyongni from the 1950s

Cristina Bahón Arnaiz

doi:10.25185/19.11

Autores/as

Cristina Bahón Arnaiz Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3090-9130

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25185/19.11

Palabras clave:

Viudas de guerra, Guerra de Corea, Pak Kyongni, Década de 1950, Posguerra

Resumen

Este trabajo estudia la situación de las viudas de la guerra de Corea (1950-1953) durante la década de 1950. En primer lugar, lo hace a través del análisis de fuentes primarias oficiales, como el Yearbook of Public Health and Social Statistics (1962), publicado por el Ministerio de Salud y Bienestar de la República de Corea, o el Report of the First General Population Census (1955), elaborado por la Oficina de Estadística del Ministerio del Interior de la República de Corea. A continuación, se explora la representación de las viudas de guerra en cuatro relatos y una novela de la escritora Pak Kyongni (1926–2008), publicados entre 1956 y 1959, los cuales incorporan importantes elementos autobiográficos. Estas obras arrojan luz sobre aspectos difíciles de documentar a través de fuentes primarias oficiales, como el estigma social asociado a la viudez femenina, la precariedad económica y los fraudes en los círculos de inversión privados, las negligencias del sistema médico, o la corrupción de las instituciones religiosas, todo ello en el marco más amplio de la sociedad coreana de los años cincuenta. El artículo defiende el valor de integrar otras fuentes relevantes, entre ellas la literatura, para aportar una comprensión cualitativa de las realidades históricas y sociales de las viudas de la guerra de Corea, complementando así las limitaciones de los registros estadísticos oficiales.

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