La política del «Buen Vecino» y un momento de diálogo Norte-Sur: El Octavo Congreso Científico Americano de 1940
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25185/19.9Palabras clave:
Diplomacia de la ciencia, Panamericanismo, Política del «Buen Vecino»Resumen
Este artículo examina la historia del Octavo Congreso Científico Americano celebrado en Washington D.C en mayo de 1940, un caso de «diplomacia de la ciencia» ocurrido en el marco de la política del «Buen Vecino» que reunió durante varios días a diplomáticos y científicos de Estados Unidos y diversos países latinoamericanos en la capital norteamericana. A través del análisis de este momento de diálogo Norte-Sur al más alto nivel diplomático y científico, se argumenta que las elites latinoamericanas contribuyeron en términos intelectuales a las ciencias incluidas en el Congreso. Y, mediante ellas, tanto al desarrollo de las relaciones de sus países con Estados Unidos como a la construcción de un estándar panamericano iniciada en las décadas anteriores y con proyección en los siguientes años. Basándose en documentos y registros de este Congreso conservados por el Archivo Nacional de Estados Unidos y en el análisis de la literatura existente, se muestra que el panamericanismo no solo fue un instrumento vertical de política exterior estadounidense, sino que un espacio de interacción en el que científicos latinoamericanos ejercieron un rol activo. Este estudio de caso también demuestra que este encuentro internacional reflejó el papel hegemónico que la administración de Franklin Délano Roosevelt desempeñó en las relaciones interamericanas al inicio de la Segunda Guerra Mundial mediante su política del «Buen Vecino».
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