Modelo de decisión para determinar fuentes de retorno, incentivos y capacidad en un sistema de remanufactura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36561/ING.19.2Palavras-chave:
Cadena de suministro, Ciclo cerrado, Logística inversa, Incentivos, Remanufactura, ProveedoresResumo
Esta investigación propone un modelo de decisión para gestionar la compra de componentes nuevos y usados en un sistema de manufactura. Los componentes nuevos se adquieren de un proveedor el cual ofrece descuentos que dependen de la capacidad reservada. Los componentes usados provienen de varias fuentes, donde la cantidad que se recibirá de cada fuente depende del incentivo suministrado. El modelo considera dos elementos estocásticos, el nivel de retorno por fuente (para componentes usados) y la posibilidad de que no se reciba el envío del proveedor de componentes nuevos. Se realiza un análisis de sensibilidad basándose en un ejemplo numérico. Los resultados demuestran relaciones significativas entre los costos de operación de las fuentes de retorno, la probabilidad de retornos bajos y el número de fuentes usados, y el nivel de incentivo asignado por fuente. Los experimentos también indican como los incentivos y la capacidad reservada dependen de la probabilidad de que no se reciban las unidades nuevas. La aplicación en la práctica del modelo y de los resultados apoyaría a que las empresas con sistemas de remanufactura de componentes seleccionen el mejor nivel de incentivos a ofrecer, determinar su capacidad y decidir cuales fuentes de retornos usar de manera minimicen sus costos totales.
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