Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement
Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement
Humanidades: revista de la Universidad de Montevideo is a peer-reviewed journal operating under a double-blind evaluation system. Humanidades considers that ethics in the editorial process is essential to maintaining the quality and integrity of research-based texts.
Therefore, Humanidades is committed to complying with the guidelines of this code. These guidelines are based on the principles of transparency and good practices in academic publishing, as established by the Committee on Publications Ethics, COPE http://publicationethics.org/. They are applied throughout the journal’s editorial process and are aimed at authors, editors, and reviewers.
AUTHORS’ COMMITMENTS
Authors commit to comply with the following ethical guidelines:
Statement of Authorship and Contribution:
The authors sign a statement of originality declaring that the submitted text is the result of personal or co-authored intellectual work, that the final version has been approved and that they agree to its publication.
Every author shall identify its contribution in the research in accordance with CrediT taxonomy.
The journal lists authors’ names in alphabetical order in the publication.
Every submission to Humanidades shall be submitted through the journal’s platform, Open Journal System (OJS). To do so, you shall be registered. Create a username and a password using your email address, then click on “send”: the system will guide you through the rest of the process.
Intellectual Property
Humanidades is published by the School of Humanities and Education of Universidad de Montevideo.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms and conditions: authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. This license allows others to share their work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and recognition of their first publication in this journal.
Originality and Truthfulness of Data:
Authors shall acknowledge that the content of the submitted text is original and has never been published, and that they fully hold the rights to its publication.
Authors agree and sign the statement of originality
and commit to send it through the OJS platform.
Authors attest the truthfulness of the information presented in the text, and that they have not been plagiarized, fabricated, manipulated or distorted.
Commitment to the Terms and Conditions of Publication:
Authors who publish in Humanidades acknowledge and accept the journal’s terms and conditions of publication, which can be found at: http://revistas.um.edu.uy/index.php/revistahumanidades/about/submissions
Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI):
AI tools may not be credited as authors since they may not be held accountable for the articles presented. AI tools lack legal personality; therefore, they may not bear conflict of interests nor copyright legal issues. Their use shall be acknowledged but not credited as authors.
Authors shall disclose the use of generative AI tools at any stage of the article’s development, including information research, writing assistance, abstract preparation, data analysis or source translation. In other words, any content created with generative AI shall be reported. The tool’s name, its developer, and how it was used shall be detailed in a footnote.
Example of quoting format pertaining to the journal’s style:
Text generated with ChatGPT, OpenAI, July 15th, 2025, https://chat.openai.com/chat
Please, do not include this reference in the final list of bibliographical references unless the URL of the query generated is a public link.
Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy, coherence and academic integrity of the entire content, including AI-generated sections. All information, including AI generated parts, shall be verified by the authors before submission.
Although texts will not be rejected if the use of generative AI is disclosed, the Editorial Board reserves the right to reject a submission at any stage of the publication process if it becomes aware that AI was used inappropriately without disclosure. Inappropriate use of generative AI includes generating text or content inaccurately, plagiarism, or inappropriate attribution to aforementioned sources.
It is not recommended to use AI to create or alter images in the submitted articles to avoid legal and ethical issues.
Bibliographical references generated with the aid of an AI tool shall be manually verified to avoid errors and false citations.
Plagiarism:
Plagiarism consists of attributing phrases or ideas of other authors as one’s own. When authors copy or paraphrase parts or ideas of other papers, they shall cite and reference them appropriately in the text.
Authors acknowledge that any instance of plagiarism in a text is reason for rejection by Humanidades. Whenever plagiarism is detected, the author will be notified with a corresponding explanation.
Commitment to Style, Citation and Bibliographic References Standards:
Authors shall always provide the journal with proper source indications and acknowledge all contributions mentioned in the text, according to The Chicago Manual of Style as followed by Humanidades. Data, figures, charts, photographs and references to previously published papers shall be duly credited and included in the bibliographic notes and citations, as well as unpublished data obtained through written or oral communication. Authors shall obtain the necessary authorizations from the holders of the economic rights to these materials.
Conflict of Interests:
Authors are bound to explicitly state that there is no conflict of interests that may have influenced the research results or the interpretations presented.
Authors shall also disclose all funding sources, whether from agencies or projects, used for the research and, where applicable, explicitly identify the funding organization and any other commercial, financial, or personal relationships with individuals or institutions that could have interests in the proposed papers.
Responsibility for the Content:
Authors are responsible for the content of the articles published in Humanidades. They also commit to reviewing the most recent and relevant scientific literature on the subject. The journal does not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed in the published papers.
Simultaneous Submission to Other Journals:
Submitting the same text to two or more scientific journals simultaneously is considered an unethical practice.
Authors shall not publish a text that repeats the same research in more than one scientific or academic journal. If this practice is verified during the publication process, the text shall be withdrawn, and the author shall be disqualified from submitting future papers to the journal.
If a text manages to bypass the normal controls and is published in the journal, and the duplicate publication is later verified, the Humanidades Editorial Board will make this information public once it has been reliably verified.
Self-Plagiarism (Recycling of Texts Without Attribution):
Self-plagiarism or recycling texts occurs when an author copies parts of their own work into a new text without attributing it. This is considered unethical.
Self-plagiarism may be detected in submitted texts or in already published articles. When it is identified, the journal will contact the author to request a statement, and if necessary, take appropriate action. If the Editorial Board considers self-plagiarism to be minor, the author may correct the work by adding the missing citations from previous papers. However, if extensive recycled paragraphs are identified by the editor, the text may be rejected. When a text is rejected, the Editorial Board will explain the reason for the decision. If self-plagiarism is found in an article that has already been published, the journal may make it public.
In all cases, authors shall pay special attention and avoid overusing self-cites.
Redundant Publication (Duplicate):
A redundant publication (duplicate) occurs when the same article is submitted to two or more journals under a different title, with the authors listed in a different order, or with citations removed from articles in the original publication. Redundant publications may be detected by using Turnitin, a similarity detection software.
Redundant publication is allowed when the redundancy is considered minimal by the Editorial Board, for example, when the same method is used or a new analysis is conducted, provided that the secondary text properly cites the original source.
When a redundant publication is detected, the journal shall contact the author to request clarification and, if necessary, take appropriate action. If this practice is verified during the publication process, the text shall be withdrawn, and the author shall be disqualified from submitting future papers to the journal.
If a text manages to bypass the normal controls and is published in the journal, and the duplicate publication is later verified, the Humanidades Editorial Board will make this information public once it has been reliably verified.
Access and Withholding of Data:
Authors commit to providing the Editorial Board with the data on which the research is based, to ensure public access to such data.
Errors in Published Articles:
Any errors or inaccuracies found in a text after publication shall be reported by the authors to the Drafting Secretary for correction.
Term for Corrections to Submitted Texts:
Authors commit to accept and undertake the requested changes within one month (30 calendar days) or alternatively, to provide a justification for partial discrepancies or to withdraw the text.
Frequency for Submission:
If an author who has previously been published in Humanidades wishes to submit a new article, they shall wait two years between the publication of their previous article and the submission of the next one.
Authors Affiliated to Universidad de Montevideo:
Authorships affiliated with Universidad de Montevideo, the journal’s publisher, are subject to limited participation. If a manuscript is submitted by an author from Universidad de Montevideo, editorial management shall be assumed by a member of the Editorial Board, whose institutional affiliation is different. If the manuscript is accepted, a conflict of interests’ statement shall be included, along with a description of the procedure followed to ensure fairness of the editorial process. Each author affiliated with Universidad de Montevideo may submit only one manuscript every three years.
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COMMITMENTS OF THE ASSOCIATE EDITOR
The Associate Editor commits to respecting the editorial policies of the journal.
Information for Authors:
Associate Editors commit to disclosing to the authors the present “Code of Ethics” and the “Guidelines for Authors.”
Encouraging Open Access:
Associate Editors commit to promoting the content of the journal openly while respecting the authorship and content of each article.
Scientific Quality of the Content:
The Associate Editor, within the scope of their various competencies, is responsible for the scientific quality of the Studies section and shall therefore ensure that the Guidelines for Authors are followed, avoid improper publishing practices, and handle the editorial process of the received papers within a reasonable period of time.
Confidentiality:
Associate Editors have the obligation to maintain confidentiality of submitted texts and their content until their publication. Once they are published, the texts and their authors may be made public.
Honesty and Transparency:
The Associate Editor shall be impartial when handling submitted papers for publishing. They shall also respect the intellectual independence of the authors whose papers have been approved for arbitration.
Arbitration Process:
Associate Editors shall ensure that published articles are the result of a fair and impartial review process under a double-blind system and that each of the articles is original and has never been published. To do so, they shall prevent potential plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and redundant or duplicate publications.
Associate Editors shall inform the Secretariat of the journal the names of the evaluators who will take part in the review process of each text to be published. Two experts on the subject of the manuscript shall be selected for such purposes.
Those appointed as reviewers should be experienced scholars and should meet most of the following conditions: knowledge of the subject treated in the text (with bibliographic updating); proficiency in the discipline related to the subject; experience in the field of research and academic publication; and expected honesty in the response. In all cases, reviewers from outside the institution responsible for the edition are preferred.
The Associate Editor may not serve as reviewer of texts received by the Humanidades journal for the issue they coordinate.
Results of the Arbitration Decision:
The results of the arbitration process are communicated through the reviewers’ decision, which is prepared based on the journal’s Evaluation Questionnaire. In every case, the author shall be informed of the observations contained in the decision.
Scientific Responsibility:
The Associate Editor’s name shall appear in the issue of the journal to which they were assigned and at the end of every text published in the Studies section.
Respect for Deadlines:
The Associate Editor commits to managing the editorial process of the received texts within a reasonable deadline.
Participation and Cooperation in Research:
Whenever complaints are filed regarding a text already published, provided it is a Study, the Associate Editor, as the person responsible for all the texts in an issue of the journal, shall respond to the complaint by first communicating with the author of the text, accepting and processing the complaint, and communicating all that is relevant to the corrections that are due to the corresponding organizations, institutions, and individuals, publishing the corrections and providing sufficient clarification in the journal.
Conflict of Interests:
The Associate Editor shall not publish their own texts (studies or articles), either as main author or co-author, in those issues of the journal in which they appear as editorial manager, either entirely or partially. Writing the preface of the dossier is the only contribution for which the editors are permitted to be the authors.
The Associate Editor shall not use for their own research any data, interpretations, or arguments present in unpublished papers submitted to the journal, unless it is with the express written consent of the authors.
The content of the reviewer’s report shall not be used by the Associate Editors for any personal or professional purpose.
There is a potential conflict of interest when the Associate Editor has personal interests that may affect, directly or indirectly, the evaluation, acceptance, or publication process of a manuscript. If personal relationships or circumstances exist that may compromise their objectivity, the Associate Editor shall immediately notify the Editorial Team, which shall decide whether the Associate Editor may continue the process.
Friendship, animosity, and academic competition between the Associate Editor and the author shall be considered potential conflicts of interest, as will recent and significant professional collaborations between them. This includes being affiliated with the same institution, having co-authored any papers within the last three years, having jointly participated in projects or current research groups, currently supervising their theses, and serving as collaborators or interns. If the Associate Editor considers that there are personal or professional reasons that compromise their objectivity, they shall report them to the journal, and it shall be at the journal’s discretion whether they can continue to participate in the process.
If a conflict of interest is declared or detected by the journal, the manuscript shall continue the evaluation only if the Associate Editor is entirely excluded from the process. In such cases, to ensure impartiality and transparency during the editorial process, the responsibility of appointing the External Evaluators, accompanying the evaluation process, and making the final decision on the publication of the manuscript shall fall upon the Editorial Board.
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COMMITMENTS OF THE EXTERNAL REVIEWERS
Evaluators commit to respecting the journal’s editorial policies.
Contribution to the Editorial Decision:
The Evaluator’s report shall assist the Editorial Board and the Associate Editor in making the final decision in the editorial process, when necessary.
When evaluating and assessing submitted papers, Reviewers shall be impartial and respect the intellectual independence of the authors during arbitration.
Respect for Review Deadlines:
Reviewers shall have 30 calendar days to complete their assigned task, completing the Evaluation Questionnaire and submitting it to the Drafting Secretary. If the complexity of the text so requires, they may request an extension of up to 15 days beyond the original deadline.
Notice of Non-Acceptance of Review:
The appointed Reviewer who, in their opinion, is not competent in the subject matter, shall decline the assignment and notify their decision to the Drafting Secretary so another Reviewer may be appointed.
Notice of Acceptance of a Review:
Reviewers shall notify the acceptance or non-acceptance of the assignment within a maximum of 10 calendar days from receiving the proposal.
Confidentiality:
Reviewers shall regard the texts submitted for their evaluation as confidential documents until the date of their publication. Under no circumstances shall they disseminate the information, details, arguments, or interpretations contained in the text submitted for review, for their own or others’ benefit, or to the detriment of third parties. Only in special cases may they request advice from other specialists in the subject matter, for which they shall request prior authorization from the journal’s management. Confidentiality ends when the text is published.
Objectivity:
Peer review is done objectively and critically, following Humanidades’s Evaluation Questionnaire. The Reviewer shall write their report with care and impartiality, and contribute to the betterment of the paper to the extent possible. Observations are especially relevant in cases where the text is rejected.
Impartiality:
Both the Editorial Team and the Reviewers shall maintain impartiality when managing the texts submitted for publication and shall respect the intellectual independence of the authors whose papers have been approved for arbitration.
Anonymity:
In order to ensure an objective, impartial, and transparent review process, Reviewers are sent a file containing only the title, body, critical apparatus and Evaluation Questionnaire of the paper, without disclosing the identity of the authors. If the author’s anonymity is compromised, the Reviewer shall immediately notify the journal’s Secretariat.
Conflict of Interests:
There is a potential conflict of interest when the Reviewer has personal interests and takes action that may influence or alter, positively or negatively, the review process of the manuscript. Reviewers shall immediately notify the journal if there are any personal relationships or circumstances involving the text or its author that may affect the Reviewer’s objectivity or unduly influence their decisions. The journal shall decide whether the Reviewer may continue the process.
A Reviewer may not serve as such in any issue in which they participate as an author.
Visualization of the Text and Bibliographical References:
Reviewers shall verify that the papers submitted for evaluation use relevant and up-to-date bibliography. To this end, the cited bibliography shall be reviewed, suggesting the deletion of inappropriate references or the addition of others. Reviewers shall also report plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and redundant or duplicate publications.
If Reviewers detect that a significant portion of a text has already been published, they shall notify the journal.
Reviewers are expected to identify and report to the Editorial Team any improper use of AI tools by the authors, such as AI-generated content or falsified data.
Use of AI in Evaluations:
Reviewers shall not use artificial intelligence tools to evaluate the intellectual content of the manuscript or to generate significant portions of their report. Each review shall be the personal and original work of the Reviewer. It is prohibited to upload the content of a manuscript to any artificial intelligence tool in order to protect the privacy and intellectual property rights of the author.
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COMMITMENTS OF THE EDITORIAL TEAM
The Editorial Team consists of the Editorial Board, the Advisory Board, the Drafting Secretary and the Associate Editors.
Encouraging Open Access:
The Editorial Team commits to openly promoting the journal’s content, respecting the authorship and content of each article.
Guidelines for Already Published Texts:
Any act identified as unethical behavior or equivalent omission in the publication that is reflected in an issue of Humanidades shall be examined, corrected and clarified by the Editorial Board or a designated body, even if it is discovered years after publication.
Plagiarism:
If a text manages to bypass the normal controls and is published in the journal, and partial plagiarism is subsequently verified in the text, the Humanidades Editorial Board shall make this information public once it has been reliably verified.
Scientific Quality of the Content:
The members of the Editorial Board, the Advisory Board, the Drafting Secretary and the Associate Editors who are part of the Editorial Team of Humanidades are, to the extent of their respective competencies, responsible for the scientific quality of the journal. Therefore, they shall ensure the fulfillment of the Guidelines for Authors, avoid malpractice in publishing, and manage the editing of submitted papers in a reasonable term.
Confidentiality:
The Editorial Board, the Advisory Board, the Drafting Secretary and the Associate Editors who are part of the Editorial Team of Humanidades, along with External Reviewers, have the obligation to maintain confidentiality of submitted texts and their content until they are published. Once they are published, the texts and their authors may be made public.
Honesty, Impartiality and Transparency:
The Editorial Board, the Advisory Board, the Drafting Secretary, the Associate Editor and the External Reviewers shall be impartial when managing submitted papers for publishing. They shall also respect the intellectual independence of the authors whose papers have been approved for arbitration.
Arbitration:
The Editorial Team shall ensure that published articles are the result of a review process that was fair and impartial under the double-blind system and that each of the articles is original and has never been published. Therefore, plagiarism, self-plagiarism and redundant or duplicate publications shall be avoided.
The members of the Editorial Board, the Drafting Secretary, and the Associate Editor may not serve as reviewers of texts received by Humanidades. In justified cases, the members of the Advisory Board may serve as reviewers for the journal.
Respect for Deadlines:
The Editorial Team commits to managing the timeline of the editorial process respecting the established deadlines.
Retractions and Post-Publication Corrections:
The journal reserves the right to revoke any content expressed in an article and to offer the clarifications deemed necessary whenever errors in the research, falsification, plagiarism, and/or the omission of data is detected.
Whenever unethical practices are detected, such as redundant (duplicate) publication without proper citation of the original source; unauthorized use of materials or data; copyright infringement; reports of unethical research practices; compromise or manipulation of the review process; undeclared conflict of interest by the authors.
The journal reserves the right to make any necessary corrections after the article has been published.
Notices of retraction or corrections (errata) shall be made promptly, clearly identifying the type of notice as either retraction or correction and detailing the title and authors in the heading of the notice or including the citation of the retracted article. The notice shall include the text of the article in question, along with the reasons for retraction objectively expressed, and shall be made available to all readers.
Conflict of Interests:
Members of the Editorial Board shall not use for their own research any data, interpretations, or arguments present in unpublished papers submitted to the journal, unless it is with the express written consent of the authors.
Members of the Editorial Board and the Advisory Board may not submit proposals for monographs or contributions for the Studies section.
Members of the Editorial Board and the Advisory Board may submit contributions for the Articles section as authors or co-authors. However, they may only submit a manuscript every three years. The journal shall guarantee the impartiality of the evaluation process in accordance with the established guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). If the manuscript is accepted, a conflict of interest statement shall be included, along with a description of the procedure adopted to ensure impartiality during the editorial process.
When an Editorial Board member submits a manuscript of which they are the author, the editorial process shall be handled by a member of the Advisory Board of the corresponding area and the Drafting Secretary. The author shall be entirely excluded from all stages of the decision-making process. In order to ensure total transparency and impartiality, manuscripts submitted by members of the Editorial Board shall be evaluated from the outset by three external reviewers instead of two.
Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI):
Manuscripts received for evaluation shall not be uploaded (in full or in part) to any AI software during any of the editorial processes, as the content might potentially be used for training purposes, confidential information would be shared, and the intellectual property rights of the authors would be infringed upon.
Translated by Paula Aguiar and Valentina Casavieja.
Bibliography
COPE. Core practices. Accessed in September 2021. https://publicationethics.org/core-practices
This work is under a 