Religion as a complementary treatment, possible implications for therapy. Review

Abstract

The purpose of this review was to systematically search for evidence on whether religion plays a role in the progression of an ailment or illness when used as an adjunct to traditional treatment. A total of 6 studies met the selection criteria showing that there are no significant differences between the different therapies (conventional therapy versus conventional therapy + spiritual/religious approach). It was also found that in patients with major depression and chronic illness, religion can promote the presence of positive feelings. In chronically ill elderly people, a lower level of fatigue or ‘more energy’ to carry out daily activities can be found. In cancer patients it can increase the level of spirituality, improve emotional well-being and enhance quality of life. In patients being treated for schizophrenia, it may improve attendance at medical check-ups. Although it does not alter the course of an illness, it can bring optimism, a sense of purpose in life, generosity and gratitude. It is hypothesised that religion may secondarily modulate perceptions of quality of life and perceptions of one's own illness state, ultimately contributing to a decrease in suffering. It should be noted that to date there are no specific publications on this subject and methodology in the Spanish language.